The concept of human dignity is part of the very bedrock of Western culture. Yet when we speak of “human dignity,” what exactly are we talking about? Although appeals to human dignity or equal dignity are common, the term gets used in quite different—even opposite—ways. Precisely because the meaning of dignity language is contested, renowned bioethicist and Lutheran theologian Gilbert Meilaender will discuss what he means when he uses this language and will offer a rationale for using it in that way, suggesting that the term “dignity” is properly used in at least two ways—the most important of which is to mark the equal personal dignity we all share.